Publications

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Koenig, L., & Ro, T. (in press). Sound Frequency Predicts the Bodily Location of Auditory-Induced Tactile Sensations in Synesthetic and Ordinary Perception. Neuroscience of Consciousness.

Ro, T., Pierce, A. M., Porubanova, M., & San Lucas, M. (2025). Neural Correlates of Visual Feature Binding. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 37(1), 1-13.

Chen, J., Ro, T., & Zhu, Z. (2022). Emotion Recognition With Audio, Video, EEG, and EMG: A Dataset and Baseline Approaches. IEEE Access, 10.

Ro, T., & Koenig, L. (2021). Unconscious Touch Perception After Disruption of the Primary Somatosensory Cortex. Psychological Science, 32(4), 549–557.

Webster, K., & Ro, T. (2020). Visual Modulation of Resting State α Oscillations. eNeuro, 7(1).

Ro, T., & Beauchamp, M. S. (2020). Ipsilesional Perceptual Deficits in Hemispatial Neglect: Case Reports. Attention and Awareness: A Special Issue in Honour of Dr. Robert Rafal in Cortex, 122, 277-287.

Wokke, M., & Ro, T. (2019). Competitive fronto-parietal interactions mediate implicit inferences. Journal of Neuroscience, 39(26), 5183–5194.

Ro, T. (2019). Alpha Oscillations and Feedback Processing in Visual Cortex for Conscious Perception. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 31(7), 948–960.    Supplementary Figures

Koenig, L., & Ro, T. (2019). Dissociations of conscious and unconscious perception in TMS-induced blindsight. Neuropsychologia, 128, 215-222.

Michel, M., Beck, D., Block, N., Blumenfeld, H., Brown, R., Carmel, D., Carrasco, M., Chirimuuta, M., Chun, M., Cleeremans, A., Dehaene, S., Fleming, S.M., Frith, C., Haggard, P., He, B.J., Heyes, C., Goodale, M.A., Irvine, L., Kawato, M., Kentridge, R., King, J.R., Knight, R.T., Kouider, S., Lamme, V., Lamy, D., Lau, H., Laureys, S., LeDoux, J., Lin, Y.T., Liu, K., Macknik, S.L., Martinez-Conde, S., Mashour, G.A., Melloni, L., Miracchi, L., Mylopoulos, M., Naccache, L., Owen, A.M., Passingham, R.E., Pessoa, L., Peters, M.A.K., Rahnev, D., Ro, T., Rosenthal, D., Sasaki, Y., Sergent, C., Solovey, G., Schiff, N.D., Seth, A., Tallon-Baudry, C., Tamietto, M., Tong, F., van Gaal, S., Vlassova, A., Watanabe, T., Weisberg, J., Yan, K., Yoshida, M. (2019). Opportunities and challenges for a maturing science of consciousness. Nature Human Behaviour, 3(2), 104-107.

Webster, K., Clarke, J., Mack, A., & Ro, T. (2018). Sustained inattentional blindness for scenes and its reduction by canonical color. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 80(7), 1833-1846.

Webster, K., & Ro, T. (2017). Retinal and visual cortex distance from transcranial magnetic stimulation of the vertex affects phosphene perception. Experimental Brain Research, 235(9), 2857-2866.

Peters, M., Fesi, J., Amendi, N., Knotts, J. D., Lau, H., & Ro, T. (2017). Transcranial magnetic stimulation to visual cortex induces suboptimal introspection. Cortex, 93, 119-132.

Peters, M. A. K., Ro, T., & Lau, H. (2016). Who’s afraid of response bias? Neuroscience of Consciousness, 1.

Vincent, M., Tang, H., Khoo, W., Zhu, Z., & Ro, T. (2016). Shape discrimination using the tongue: feasibility of a visual to tongue stimulation substitution device. Multisensory Research, 29, 773-798.

Persuh, M., Emmanouil, T., & Ro, T. (2016). Perceptual overloading reveals illusory contour perception without awareness of the inducers. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 78(6), 1692-1701.

Fleming, S., Maniscalco, B., Ko, Y., Amendi, N., Ro, T., & Lau, H. (2015). Action-specific disruption of perceptual confidence. Psychological Science, 26,89-98.

Britz, J., Hernandez, L. D., Ro, T., & Michel, C. M. (2014). EEG-microstate dependent emergence of perceptual awareness. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 8(163), 1-10.

Mathewson, K. E., Beck, D. M., Ro, T., Maclin, E. L., Low, K. A., Fabiani, M., & Gratton, G. (2014). Dynamics of alpha control: Preparatory suppression of posterior alpha oscillations by frontal modulators revealed with combined EEG and event-related optical signal (EROS). Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 26(10), 2400-2415.

Emmanouil, T. & Ro, T. (2014). Amodal completion of unconsciously presented objects. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 21(5), 1188-94.

Ai, L. & Ro, T. (2014). The phase of prestimulus alpha oscillations affects tactile perception. Journal of Neurophysiology, 111(6), 1300-1307.

Jaegle, A. & Ro, T. (2014). Direct control of visual perception with phase-specific modulation of occipito-parietal cortex. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 26, 422-432.

Persuh, M., & Ro, T. (2013). Unconscious priming requires primary visual cortex at specific temporal phases of processing. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 25, 1493-1503

Khoo, W. L., Knapp, J., Palmer, F., Ro, T., & Zhu, Z. (2013). Designing and testing wearable range-vibrotactile devices. Journal of Assistive Technologies, 7(2), 102-117.

Emmanouil, T., Avigan, P., Persuh, M., & Ro, T. (2013). Saliency affects feedforward more than feedback processing in primary visual cortex. Neuropsychologia, 51, 1497-1503.

Ro, T., Ellmore, T., & Beauchamp, M. S. (2013). A neural link between hearing and feeling. Cerebral Cortex, 23, 1724-1730.

Emmanouil, T., Burton, P., & Ro, T. (2013). Unconscious processing of unattended features in human visual cortex. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 25, 329-337.

Persuh, M. & Ro, T. (2012). Context-dependent brightness priming occurs without visual awareness. Consciousness & Cognition, 21, 177-185.

Mathewson, K. E., Lleras, A., Beck, D. M., Fabiani, M., Ro, T., Gratton, G. (2011). Pulsed out of awareness: EEG alpha oscillations represent a pulsed-inhibition of ongoing cortical processing. Frontiers in Psychology, 2(99), 1-15.

Bolognini, N., & Ro, T. (2010). Transcranial magnetic stimulation: Disrupting neural activity to alter and assess brain function. Journal of Neuroscience, 30, 9647-9650.

Ro, T. (2010). What can TMS tell us about visual awareness? Cortex, 46, 110-113.

Beauchamp, M. S., Pasalar, S., & Ro, T. (2010). Neural substrates of reliability-weighted visual-tactile multisensory integration. Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, 4, 1-11.

Pasalar, S., Ro, T., & Beauchamp, M. S. (2010). TMS of posterior parietal cortex disrupts visual tactile multisensory integration. European Journal of Neuroscience, 31, 1783-1790.

Ro, T., Friggel, A., & Lavie, N. (2009). Musical expertise modulates the effects of visual perceptual load. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics, 71, 671-674.

Ro, T., Hsu, J., Yasar, N., Elmore, L.C., & Beauchamp, M. S. (2009). Sound enhances tactile perception. Experimental Brain Research, 195, 135-143.

Mathewson, K. E., Gratton, G., Fabiani, M., Beck, D. M., & Ro, T. (2009). To see or not to see: Prestimulus alpha phase predicts visual awareness. Journal of Neuroscience, 29, 2725-2732.

Ro, T., Singhal, N., Breitmeyer, B., & Garcia, J. (2009). Unconscious processing of color and form in metacontrast masking. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 71, 95-103.

Beauchamp, M.S. & Ro, T. (2008). Neural substrates of sound-touch synesthesia following a thalamic lesion. Journal of Neuroscience, 28, 13696-13702.

Beauchamp, M. S., Yasar, N., Frye, R., & Ro, T. (2008). Touch, sound and vision in human superior temporal sulcus. NeuroImage, 41, 1011-1020.

Arend, I., Machado, L., McGrath, M., Ro, T., Ward, R., & Rafal, R. (2008). The role of the human pulvinar in visual attention and action: evidence from temporal order judgements, saccade decision and anti-saccade tasks. Progress in Brain Research, 171, 475-483.

Ro, T. (2008). Unconscious vision in action. Neuropsychologia, 46, 379-383.

Farnè, A., Brozzoli, C., Làdavas, E., & Ro, T. (2007). Investigating multisensory spatial cognition through the phenomenon of extinction. In P. Haggard, Y. Rossetti, & M. Kawato (Eds.), Attention & Performance XXII, New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Ro, T., Farnè, A., Johnson, R., Wedeen, V., Chu, Z., Wang, Z., Hunter, J. V., & Beauchamp, M. S. (2007). Feeling sounds after a thalamic lesion. Annals of Neurology, 62, 433-441.

Beauchamp, M. S., Yasar, N. E., Kishan, N., & Ro, T. (2007). Human MST but not MT responds to vibrotactile stimulation. Journal of Neuroscience, 27, 8261-8267.

Breitmeyer, B. G., Ro, T., Ogmen, H., & Todd, S. (2007). Unconscious, stimulus-dependent and conscious, percept-dependent priming with chromatic stimuli. Perception & Psychophysics, 69, 550-557.

Boyer, J., & Ro, T. (2007). Attention attenuates metacontrast masking. Cognition, 104, 135-149.

Ro, T., Friggel, A., & Lavie, N. (2007). Attentional biases for faces and body parts. Visual Cognition, 15, 322-348.

Chang, E., & Ro, T. (2007). Maintenance of visual stability in the human posterior parietal cortex. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 19, 266-274.

Boake, C., Noser, E.A., Ro, T., Baraniuk, S., Gaber, M., Johnson, R., Salmeron, E.T., Tran, T.M., Lai, J.M., Taub, E., Moye, L.A., Grotta, J.C., Levin, H.S. (2007). Constraint-induced movement therapy in early stroke rehabilitation. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, 21, 14-24.

O’’Malley, M. K., Ro, T., & Levin, H. S. (2006). Assessing and inducing neuroplasticity with TMS and robotics. Special issue on Neuroimaging in Acquired Brain Injury: Measurement, Concepts, and Applications in Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 87(12 Supplement), 59-66.

Johnson, R. M., Burton, P., & Ro, T. (2006). Visually induced feelings of touch. Brain Research, 1073-4, 398-406.

Olk, B., Chang, E., Kingstone, A., & Ro, T. (2006). Modulation of antisaccades by transcranial magnetic stimulation of the human frontal eye field. Cerebral Cortex, 16, 76-82.

Ro, T., Noser, E., Boake, C., Wallace, R., Gaber, M., Bernstein, M., Speroni, A., De Joya, A., Burgin, S.W., Zhang, L., Grotta, J., & Levin, H. (2006). Functional reorganization and recovery after constraint induced movement therapy in acute stroke: Case Reports. Neurocase, 12, 50-60.

Boyer, J., Harrison, S., & Ro, T. (2005). Unconscious processing of orientation and color without primary visual cortex. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 102, 16875-16879.

Ro, T., & Rafal, R. D. (2006). Visual restoration in cortical blindness: Insights from natural and TMS-induced blindsight. Special issue of Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 16, 377-396.

Ro, T. (2005). Neural mechanisms for conscious and unconscious vision. In Breitmeyer, B., & Ogmen, H. (Eds.), The First Half Second. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Farnè, A., & Ro, T. (2005). Neuroimmaginare le funzioni cognitive con la stimolazione magnetica transcranica. In Castiello, U., & Bonfiglioli, C. (Eds.), Tecniche Sperimentali di Ricerca in Psicologia, 2nd Edition. Padova: Piccin Nuova Libreria.

Chang, E., & Ro, T. (2005). Inhibition of return in perception and action. Visual Cognition, 12, 443-472.

Ro, T., Shelton, D., Lee, O., Chang, E. (2004). Extrageniculate mediation of unconscious vision in transcranial magnetic stimulation-induced blindsight. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 101, 9933-9935.

Breitmeyer, Ro, T., & Ogmen, H. (2004). A comparison of masking by visual and transcranial magnetic stimulation: implications for the study of conscious and unconscious visual processing. Consciousness & Cognition, 13, 829-843.

Grotta, J. C., Noser, E. A., Ro, T., Boake, C., Levin, H., Aronowski, J., & Schallert, T. (2004). Constraint-induced movement therapy. Stroke, 35, 2699-2701.

Breitmeyer, B., Ro, T., & Singhal, N. (2004). Unconscious color priming occurs at stimulus-dependent not percept-dependent levels of visual processing. Psychological Science, 15, 198-202.

Ro, T., Wallace, R., Hagedorn, J., Farnè, A., & Pienkos, E. (2004). Visual enhancing of tactile perception in the posterior parietal cortex. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 16, 24-30.

Lavie, N., Ro, T., & Russell, C. (2003). The role of perceptual load in processing distractor faces. Psychological Science, 14, 510-515.

Ro, T., Breitmeyer, B., Burton, P., Singhal, N., & Lane, D. (2003). Feedback contributions to visual awareness in human occipital cortex. Current Biology, 11, 1038-1041.

Ro, T., Farnè, A, & Chang, E. (2003). Inhibition of return and the human frontal eye fields. Experimental Brain Research, 150, 290-296.

Ro, T., Farnè, A., & Chang, E. (2002). Locating the frontal eye fields with transcranial magnetic stimulation. Special issue on Attention and Reaction Times in Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 24, 930-940.

Ro, T., Machado, L., Kanwisher, N., & Rafal, R. D. (2002). Covert orienting to the locations of targets and distractors: Effects on response channel activation in a flanker task. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 55, 917-936.

Dodds, C., Machado, L., Rafal, R., & Ro, T. (2002). A temporal /nasal asymmetry for blindsight in a localisation task: Evidence for extrageniculate mediation. NeuroReport, 13, 655-658.

Ricciardelli, P., Ro, T., & Driver, J. (2002). A left visual-field advantage in gaze perception. Neuropsychologia, 40, 769-777.

Ro, T., Rorden, C., Driver, J., & Rafal, R. (2001). Ipsilesional biases in saccades but not perception after lesions of the human inferior parietal lobule. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 13, 920-929.

Ro, T., Russell, C., & Lavie, N. (2001). Changing faces: A detection advantage in the flicker paradigm. Psychological Science, 12, 94-99.

Rafal, R. D., Machado, L., Ro, T., & Ingle, H. (2000). Looking forward to looking: Saccade preparation and the control of midbrain visuomotor reflexes. In S. Monsell & J. Driver (Eds.), Attention & Performance XVIII. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Ro, T., Pratt, J., & Rafal, R. D. (2000). Inhibition of return in saccadic eye movements. Experimental Brain Research, 130, 264-268.

Ro, T., & Rafal, R. D. (1999). Components of reflexive visual orienting to moving objects. Perception & Psychophysics, 61, 826-836.

Ro, T., Cheifet, S., Ingle, H., Shoup, R., & Rafal, R. D. (1999). Localization of the human frontal eye fields and motor hand area with transcranial magnetic stimulation and magnetic resonance imaging. Special issue on TMS in Neuropsychologia, 37, 225-231.

Henik, A., Ro, T., Merrill, D., Rafal, R. D., & Safadi, Z. (1999). Interactions between color and word processing in a flanker task. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 25, 198-209.

Ro, T., Cohen, A., Ivry, R. B., & Rafal, R. D. (1998). Response channel activation and the temporo-parietal junction. Special issue on neglect in Brain and Cognition, 37, 461-476.

Tipper, S., Rafal, R. D., Reuter-Lorenz, P., Starrveldt, Y., Ro, T., Egly, R., Danziger, S. & Weaver, B. (1997). Object-based facilitation and inhibition from visual orienting in the human split-brain patient. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 23, 1522-1532.

Ro, T., Henik, A., Machado, L., & Rafal, R. D. (1997). Transcranial magnetic stimulation of the prefrontal cortex delays contralateral endogenous saccades. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 9, 433-440.

Rafal, R. D., Gershberg, F., Egly, R., Ivry, R., Kingstone, A., & Ro, T. (1996). Response channel activation and the lateral prefrontal cortex. Neuropsychologia, 34, 1197-1202.

Ro, T., & Rafal, R. D. (1996). Perception of geometric illusions in hemispatial neglect. Neuropsychologia, 34, 973-978.

Seyal, M., Ro, T., & Rafal, R. D. (1995). Increased sensitivity to ipsilateral cutaneous stimuli following transcranial magnetic stimulation of the parietal lobe. Annals of Neurology, 38, 264-267.

Rock, I., Schreiber, C., & Ro, T. (1994). The dependence of two-dimensional shape perception on orientation. Perception, 23, 1409-1426.